[[File:STRAIGHTSTAR.png|thumb|left|20px]] [[Novenae]]}}Dalkaisk is the majority language spoken in [[Dalkai]], and the Lingua Franca of [[Taurus|Tauran]] communities abroad.
[[File:STRAIGHTSTAR.png|thumb|left|20px]] [[Novenae]]}}Dalkaisk is the majority language spoken in [[Dalkai]], and the Lingua Franca of [[Taurus|Tauran]] communities abroad.
The language is the official language of Dalkai, as well as being spoken by a significant minority in [[Oscdean States|Alphia]], as well as in Dalkaisk pockets in [[Novenae]]. The Tauran sector in [[Atlas Valley]] contains a large amount of Dalkaisk speakers, and is the largest enclave of Dalkaisk language speakers outside of Tauran nations.
The language is the official language of Dalkai, as well as being spoken by a significant minority in [[Oscdean States|Alphia]], as well as in Dalkaisk pockets in [[Novenae]]. The Tauran sector in [[Vasla]] contains a large amount of Dalkaisk speakers, and is the largest enclave of Dalkaisk language speakers outside of Tauran nations.
== History ==
== History ==
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== Grammar ==
== Grammar ==
Dalkaisk is an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject%E2%80%93verb%E2%80%93object SVO] language, similar to English, and occasionally allows [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object%E2%80%93subject%E2%80%93verb OSV] word order. Definite articles (e.g. the, a, etc.) are absent from the language, and are not used. Verbs inflections include morphemes added at the ends of words, and individual words added before the verb.
See a core grammar guide at [[Dalkaisk Grammar]]
=== Noun Inflections ===
The main noun inflections decline based on number and prepositional phrasing (i.e to-, at-, from-).
The noun inflections are as follows:
'''Number Affixes:'''
* -''(a)n'', Plural marker, (a is optional dependent on if the noun ends in a consonant or a vowel.)
'''Preprepositional Affixes:'''
* '''''av'''-'', to (the/a) #
* '''''lo'''-'', by (the/a) #, (when attached onto a noun starting in a vowel, a /β/ "v" sound is usually included when spoken, ''loajtse, ''"by the end" sounds more like ''lovajtse'')
* '''on'''''-, ''in (the/a) #
* '''''je'''-, ''at (the/a) #
* '''''in'''-, ''from (the/a) #
* '''''por'''-, ''with (the/a) #
* '''''jaj'''-, ''on (the/a) #
* '''''las'''-, ''about (the/a) #
* '''''evo'''-, ''among (the/a) #, (see '''''lo'''#'')
* -'''tsi''', of (the/a) #, attached after a noun as a stylistic choice or a redundancy reducer, (from '''''tsi # tsi #''''', to '''''tsi # #tsi''''')
Order of noun suffixes go: '''Prep. + ''Root'' + Plu. + Prep.(Suffix)'''
=== Verb Inflections ===
* ''-'''re''', ''Past Tense
* ''-'''(s)ejn''', ''Future Tense
* ''-'''te''', ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_and_progressive_aspects Continuous Tense], (reduced to -'''t''' after the past tense marker)
Order of verb suffixes go: '''Past/Fut. + Cont./Hab. + Int.'''
=== Other Modifications ===
* ''-'''isej''' / -'''isam''''', Adverb modifier for Adjectives
* ''-'''ij''' / -'''esk''''', Common suffixes for Adjectives
== Vocabulary ==
== Vocabulary ==
See all existing vocabulary at [[Dalkaisk Dictionary]]
=== Common Vocabulary ===
Below is a list of some commonly used vocabulary in the Dalkaisk Language:
{| class="MsoNormalTable"
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>'''Dalkaisk'''
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>'''English'''
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>'''Part of Speech'''
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>ij
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>and
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Conjunction
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>jen
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>are (multiple)
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Verb
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>retjefre
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>attention
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>bajnizha
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>bank
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>angij
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>big
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Adjective
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>lendve
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>border
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>peditse
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>bucket
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>kadiniz
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>capital
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>tsaj
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>city
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>kommunij
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>community
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Adjective
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>desoj
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>create
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Verb
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>dakj
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>dark
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Adjective
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>task
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>day
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>suse
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>do
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Verb
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>ajtse
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>end
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>fenstisije
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>festival
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>naj
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>for
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Prepreposition
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>se
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>go
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Verb
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>sborkije
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>group
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>privetsk
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>hello
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Interjection
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>shenvinsk
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>honor
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>oraj
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>hour
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>ne
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>huh
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Interjection
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>sut
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>if
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Conjunction
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>tep
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>in
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Prepreposition
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>je
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>is
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Verb
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>bajle
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>language
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>vajne
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>life
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>voje
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>live
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Verb
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>damjil
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>nation
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>pjo
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>no
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Interjection
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>tsi
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>of
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Prepreposition
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>narodmjov
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>person
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>popresheke
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>please
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Interjection
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>pajsentse
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>province
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>rosinen
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>red
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Adjective
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>rjespublika
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>republic
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>kham
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>room
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>poshe
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>room
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>reglen
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>say
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Verb
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>tsappe
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>shop
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>otso
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>small
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Adjective
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>zvetsio
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>special
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Adjective
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>otsonije
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>stairs
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>lajsije
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>state
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>tensur
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>study
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>sombleja
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>symbol
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>nejan
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>then
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Conjunction
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>loj
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>to
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Prepreposition
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>av
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>to
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Prepreposition
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>fel
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>tree
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Noun
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>lestale
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>welcome
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Interjection
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>tev
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>what
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Interjection
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>men
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>with
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Prepreposition
|-
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>saj
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>yes
|
<nowiki> </nowiki>Interjection
|}
== Examples ==
== Examples ==
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In the '''Avenije Dialect''', due to it's 3 vowel phonological tendencies originating from the Avenian language, (/a/, /i/, /u/) the sentence would be:
In the '''Avenije Dialect''', due to it's 3 vowel phonological tendencies originating from the Avenian language, (/a/, /i/, /u/) the sentence would be:
''Pia raglin kam tai susaritiu sut ran dasui atkipru.''
''Pia raglin kiam tai susaritiu sut ran dasui atkipru.''
/piˈa ragˈlin kam ˈta.i suˈsa.ri.ti.u sut ran daˈsu.i ˈat.ki.pru/
/piˈa ragˈlin kiam ˈta.i suˈsa.ri.ti.u sut ran daˈsu.i ˈat.ki.pru/
[[Category:Language]]
Latest revision as of 02:56, 9 November 2023
Dalkaisk is the majority language spoken in Dalkai, and the Lingua Franca of Tauran communities abroad.
The language is the official language of Dalkai, as well as being spoken by a significant minority in Alphia, as well as in Dalkaisk pockets in Novenae. The Tauran sector in Vasla contains a large amount of Dalkaisk speakers, and is the largest enclave of Dalkaisk language speakers outside of Tauran nations.
History
Srojkja
Dalkaisk was historically written in the Srojkja script, a consonant based alphabet where vowels were written above or below the consonants. Its connective appearance meant each letter possessed an initial, middle, and end version. Srojkja was eventually phased out in favor of the Ljekja Script used by the Gerbian Language. Srojkja is still used in early Dalkaisk aesthetic and art.
Ljekja
In 2501, Dalkai, while under the control of SMG, underwent the 2501 Dalkaisk Language Ljekjization, also called Ljekjinitsije, outlawing the old Srojkja system. The Ljekja script is still commonly used in settings representing Revolutionary and Early-Dalkaisk Periods, as well as those, typically older Dalkaisk, educated before the switch to the Latin/Cyrillic Alphabet.
Cyrillic
In 3017, Dalkai underwent the Dalkaisk Language Cyrillization, also called Syrilinitsije. During this time, Ljekja was seen as the remnant of an oppressive regime, as well as many other Gerbian cultural symbols. Arriving onto Terra, Dzheri Dumont officially instituted the Cyrillic alphabet as the official script for the Dalkaisk language due to higher letter-sound compatibility by the Primin and his cabinet. Although Cyrillic is the official writing system for Dalkaisk, Latin is much more widely used. Though spelling reforms have been issued in Latin, there is no equivalent reforms in Cyrillic Dalkaisk.
Cyrillic, although much more rare in daily life than Latin, is used in official settings, and on official documents along with Latin, although more and more, documents and government websites are offered only in Latin.
Tuviet (Tuvyetsk) speakers continue to use the previous Cyrillic script, even as Dalkaisk ceased usages of the alphabet. Along with older Dalkaisk speakers, Cyrillic users have been collectively called Syriliens (Syriliesk)
Latin
During the end of the Great Migration, Latinization of Dalkaisk increased in popularity and usage. Unlike Syrilinitsije, Dalkaisk Language Latinization, or Latjinitsije was a gradual process. Cyrillic, although official, was not as widely used due to the internationality of the Latin Alphabet. In 3020, the Latjinitsije Decitsije (Latinization Act) set the Latin Alphabet as the coofficial writing system of Dalkaisk with Cyrillic.
In 3018, the Language Ministry for Latin Dalkaisk, LMLD (Menetsiva Bajletsi Dalkajsk-naj Latinij, MBDL) issued reforms for Latin written Dalkaisk. Previously, obsolete sounds, and inferred pronunciations in certain words were simplified to more accurately match what is actually spoken. For instance, Dzheri Dumont used to be Dzheri Dumontj in the old spelling, fansja, meaning "force" used to be spelled faansja, and vazhi, meaning "book" used to be voazhe.
Literal: North of Aphil be-(3rd-person-pl.) forest-(pl.) and forest-(pl.) spruce-(of).
English: North of Aphil are forests and forests of spruce.
Dialects
The Standardized Dialect, also known as Mainstream Dalkaisk, is based off the Nankai dialect of Reicala. Regional Dialects vary widely, with some dialects occasionally being written down.
In the Mainstream/Nankai Dialect, the following sentence would be written and spoken as such:
Pjo reglen kjem tej suseretjo sut ren desoj atkefre.