Dalkaisk Grammar - Revision history

imported>JerryDZH: /* Noun Inflections */

2021-12-30T09:33:55Z

Noun Inflections

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:33, 30 December 2021
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	'''Number Affixes:'''		'''Number Affixes:'''
	* -''~~(a)~~v'', ~~Plural~~ marker, (a ~~is optional dependent on if the noun~~ ends in a consonant ~~or a vowel~~.)
			Plurals are formed in nouns based on a mostly regular system, with exceptions for common nouns. Multiple systems are used depending on the ending of the root word.

			* -''v'', plural marker, only when root word ends with -a and -o
			*''-z,'' plural marker, only when root word ends with -i
			*''-n,'' plural marker, only when root word ends with -e and -u
			*''-av,'' plural marker, only when root word ends with a consonant

			Certain common use words with consonant endings have an -ets ending. This includes shtajets, denizets, helisets, vojets, ledets, and murets (days, brothers, noses, lives. doors, words).

	'''Preprepositional Affixes:'''		'''Preprepositional Affixes:'''

			To express prepositions such as to, from, and at, prefixes are used rather than separate words.

	* '''''av'''-'', to (the/a) #		* '''''av'''-'', to (the/a) #
	* '''''lo'''-'', by (the/a) #, (when attached onto a noun starting in a vowel, a /β/ "v" sound is usually included when spoken, ''loajtse, ''"by the end" sounds more like ''lovajtse'')		* '''''lo'''-'', by (the/a) #, (when attached onto a noun starting in a vowel, a /β/ "v" sound is usually included when spoken, ''loajtse, ''"by the end" sounds more like ''lovajtse'')

imported>JerryDZH at 10:23, 17 December 2020

2020-12-17T10:23:54Z

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 * Alternatively, ''Object''-Subject-'''Verb''' (OSV) can also be used for stylistic or emphatic purposes, such as "''Land'', he '''saw'''."
 * There are no definite or indefinite articles in Dalkaisk (i.e. the/a/an). If specificity or generality is needed in a sentence (AKA if 'the' or 'a' is needed,), the Dalkaisk words for 'that' (''kjem'') and 'one' (''an'') are used.
 == Common Phrases ==

imported>JerryDZH: Adding categories

2020-12-06T11:15:11Z

Adding categories

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:15, 6 December 2020
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	* ''-'''isej''' / -'''isam'''*'', Adjectives → Adverb		* ''-'''isej''' / -'''isam'''*'', Adjectives → Adverb
	<nowiki>*</nowiki> ''-isam'' is much rarer, and only present in some common adjectives.		<nowiki>*</nowiki> ''-isam'' is much rarer, and only present in some common adjectives.
			[[Category:Language]]

imported>JerryDZH: /* Common Phrases */

2020-12-06T10:51:56Z

Common Phrases

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:51, 6 December 2020
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	\|Please		\|Please
	\|Popresheke / Popra		\|Popresheke / Popra
	\|Po-preh-''sheh''-kyeh /		\|Po-preh-''sheh''-kyeh / Po-''prah''
	\|-		\|-
	\|Thank you		\|Thank you

imported>JerryDZH at 10:45, 6 December 2020

2020-12-06T10:45:41Z

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 * Alternatively, ''Object''-Subject-'''Verb''' (OSV) can also be used for stylistic or emphatic purposes, such as "''Land'', he '''saw'''."
 * There are no definite or indefinite articles in Dalkaisk (i.e. the/a/an). If specificity or generality is needed in a sentence (AKA if 'the' or 'a' is needed,), the Dalkaisk words for 'that' (''kjem'') and 'one' (''an'') are used.
 == Pronouns ==
@@ Line 83: / Line 142: @@
 * For aesthetic or emphatic reasons, pronouns before a word can also be attached as a suffix to the root word.
 * Most pronouns are the same in suffix form (e.g. ''Vaj oleve'', ''Olevevaj'' 'I appear'), but for ''tujen'', It is -taj in its suffix form (e.g. ''tujen pju, pjutaj'' 'Your water').
-* Suffix form pronouns always come after any verb or noun inflections. For example, 'he had been needing' would normally be 'ren holje najeret,' but would be changed to 'holje najaretren'
+* Suffix form pronouns almost always come after any verb or noun inflections. For example, 'he had been needing' would normally be 'ren holje najeret,' but would be changed to 'holje najaretren'
 == Noun ==
@@ Line 116: / Line 176: @@
 * ''-'''te''', ''Continuous Tense, (reduced to -'''t''' after the past tense marker)
 * '''''holje''' #'', Perfect Tense, (i.e had #, have #, etc.)
-* '''''#lajm''''', Interrogative tense, (Question markers at the end of words, optional to reduce spoken confusion)
+* '''''#lajm''''', Interrogative tense, (Question markers at the end of words, optional to reduce spoken confusion, always last in the order of suffixes.)
 * ''-'''jen''''', Habitual Tense, (Informal, dialectal)
 Order of verb suffixes go: '''Past/Fut. + Cont./Hab. + Int.'''

imported>JerryDZH: /* Adjectives */

2020-12-06T09:31:23Z

Adjectives

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:31, 6 December 2020
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	\|-		\|-
	!1st Person		!1st Person
	\|vaj		\|''vaj''
	\|vanaj/vajsk*		\|''vanaj/vajsk*''
	\|-		\|-
	!2nd Person		!2nd Person
	\|tej		\|''tej''
	\|tajsk		\|''tajsk''
	\|-		\|-
	!3rd Person		!3rd Person
	\|ren		\|''ren''
	\|renaj		\|''renaj''
	\|}		\|}
	<nowiki>*</nowiki>''Vanaj'' includes the speaker and the listener (inclusive we), while ''Vajsk'' only includes the speaker (exclusive we).		<nowiki>*</nowiki>''Vanaj'' includes the speaker and the listener (inclusive we), while ''Vajsk'' only includes the speaker (exclusive we).
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	\|-		\|-
	!1st Person		!1st Person
	\|vjin		\|''vjin''
	\|vanaje/vasin*		\|''vanaje/vasin*''
	\|-		\|-
	!2nd Person		!2nd Person
	\|tujen		\|''tujen**''
	\|tasejn		\|''tasejn''
	\|-		\|-
	!3rd Person		!3rd Person
	\|ranen		\|''ranen''
	\|renaje		\|''renaje''
	\|}		\|}
	<nowiki>*</nowiki>''Vanaje'' includes the speaker and the listener (inclusive our), while ''Vasin'' only includes the speaker (exclusive our).		<nowiki>*</nowiki>''Vanaje'' includes the speaker and the listener (inclusive our), while ''Vasin'' only includes the speaker (exclusive our).

			<nowiki>*</nowiki>''Tujen is written as -taj ''when written in suffix form.

	=== Demonstrative (this, that) ===		=== Demonstrative (this, that) ===
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	\|-		\|-
	!Proximal		!Proximal
	\|kev		\|''kev''
	\|kevan		\|''kevan''
	\|this		\|this
	\|these		\|these
	\|-		\|-
	!Medial*		!Medial*
	\|kjemtaj**		\|''kjemtaj**''
	\|kjantaj**		\|''kjantaj**''
	\|that by you		\|that by you
	\|those by you		\|those by you
	\|-		\|-
	!Distal		!Distal
	\|kjem		\|''kjem''
	\|kjeman		\|''kjeman''
	\|that		\|that
	\|those		\|those
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	<nowiki>**</nowiki>Originally dialectal, but increasingly growing in usage.		<nowiki>**</nowiki>Originally dialectal, but increasingly growing in usage.

			=== Usage Notes ===
			* For aesthetic or emphatic reasons, pronouns before a word can also be attached as a suffix to the root word.
			* Most pronouns are the same in suffix form (e.g. ''Vaj oleve'', ''Olevevaj'' 'I appear'), but for ''tujen'', It is -taj in its suffix form (e.g. ''tujen pju, pjutaj'' 'Your water').
			* Suffix form pronouns always come after any verb or noun inflections. For example, 'he had been needing' would normally be 'ren holje najeret,' but would be changed to 'holje najaretren'

	== Noun ==		== Noun ==
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	* '''''av'''-'', to (the/a) #		* '''''av'''-'', to (the/a) #
	* '''''lo'''-'', by (the/a) #, (when attached onto a noun starting in a vowel, a /β/ "v" sound is usually included when spoken, ''loajtse, ''"by the end" sounds more like ''lovajtse'')		* '''''lo'''-'', by (the/a) #, (when attached onto a noun starting in a vowel, a /β/ "v" sound is usually included when spoken, ''loajtse, ''"by the end" sounds more like ''lovajtse'')
	* '''on'''''-, ''in (the/a) #		* '''''on'''-, ''in (the/a) #
	* '''''je'''-, ''at (the/a) #		* '''''je'''-, ''at (the/a) #
	* '''''in'''-, ''from (the/a) #		* '''''in'''-, ''from (the/a) #
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	* '''''las'''-, ''about (the/a) #		* '''''las'''-, ''about (the/a) #
	* '''''evo'''-, ''among (the/a) #, (see '''''lo'''#'')		* '''''evo'''-, ''among (the/a) #, (see '''''lo'''#'')
	* -'''tsi''', of (the/a) #, attached after a noun as a stylistic choice or a redundancy reducer, (from '''''tsi # tsi #''''', to '''''tsi # #tsi''''')		* -'''''tsi''''', of (the/a) #, attached after a noun as a stylistic choice or a redundancy reducer, (from '''''tsi # tsi #''''', to '''''tsi # #tsi''''')
	'''Postpositional Affixes:'''		'''Postpositional Affixes:'''
	* ''-'''''naj''''', ''for (the/a) #		* ''-'''naj''', ''for (the/a) #
	Order of noun affixes go: '''Preposition + ''Root'' + Plural + Postposition (Suffix)'''		Order of noun affixes go: '''Preposition + ''Root'' + Plural + Postposition (Suffix)'''

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	* ''-'''te''', ''Continuous Tense, (reduced to -'''t''' after the past tense marker)		* ''-'''te''', ''Continuous Tense, (reduced to -'''t''' after the past tense marker)
	* '''''holje''' #'', Perfect Tense, (i.e had #, have #, etc.)		* '''''holje''' #'', Perfect Tense, (i.e had #, have #, etc.)
	* '''#lajm''', Interrogative tense, (Question markers at the end of words, optional to reduce spoken confusion)		* '''''#lajm''''', Interrogative tense, (Question markers at the end of words, optional to reduce spoken confusion)
	* ''-'''jen''''', Habitual Tense, (Informal, dialectal)		* ''-'''jen''''', Habitual Tense, (Informal, dialectal)
	Order of verb suffixes go: '''Past/Fut. + Cont./Hab. + Int.'''		Order of verb suffixes go: '''Past/Fut. + Cont./Hab. + Int.'''

	== ~~Adjectives~~ ==		== Word Patterns ==

			=== General Patterns ===
			* '''''-a, ja'',''' Possible suffix for Nouns
			* ''-'''je, -e''''', Common suffixes for Verbs

	~~=== Other Modifications Edit ===~~
	* ''-'''isej''' / -'''isam''''', Adverb modifier for Adjectives
	* ''-'''ij''' / -'''esk''''', Common suffixes for Adjectives		* ''-'''ij''' / -'''esk''''', Common suffixes for Adjectives

			=== Derivational Patterns ===
			* ''-'''isej''' / -'''isam'''*'', Adjectives → Adverb
			<nowiki>*</nowiki> ''-isam'' is much rarer, and only present in some common adjectives.

imported>JerryDZH at 01:17, 6 December 2020

2020-12-06T01:17:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:17, 5 December 2020
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	Below will be a general overview of Dalkaisk guidelines for syntax, grammar rules, verb conjugation, prepositions/postpositions, common prefixes/suffixes, and other related grammar rules to form complex sentences in Dalkaisk.		Below will be a general overview of [[Dalkaisk (Language)\|Dalkaisk]] guidelines for syntax, grammar rules, verb conjugation, prepositions/postpositions, common prefixes/suffixes, and other related grammar rules to form complex sentences in Dalkaisk.

	== Overview ==		== Overview ==

imported>JerryDZH at 01:17, 6 December 2020

2020-12-06T01:17:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:17, 5 December 2020
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	<nowiki>**</nowiki>Originally dialectal, but increasingly growing in usage.		<nowiki>**</nowiki>Originally dialectal, but increasingly growing in usage.

			== Noun ==

			=== Noun Inflections ===
			The main noun inflections decline based on number and prepositional phrasing (i.e to-, at-, from-).

			The noun inflections are as follows:

			'''Number Affixes:'''
			* -''(a)v'', Plural marker, (a is optional dependent on if the noun ends in a consonant or a vowel.)
			'''Preprepositional Affixes:'''
			* '''''av'''-'', to (the/a) #
			* '''''lo'''-'', by (the/a) #, (when attached onto a noun starting in a vowel, a /β/ "v" sound is usually included when spoken, ''loajtse, ''"by the end" sounds more like ''lovajtse'')
			* '''on'''''-, ''in (the/a) #
			* '''''je'''-, ''at (the/a) #
			* '''''in'''-, ''from (the/a) #
			* '''''por'''-, ''with (the/a) #
			* '''''jaj'''-, ''on (the/a) #
			* '''''las'''-, ''about (the/a) #
			* '''''evo'''-, ''among (the/a) #, (see '''''lo'''#'')
			* -'''tsi''', of (the/a) #, attached after a noun as a stylistic choice or a redundancy reducer, (from '''''tsi # tsi #''''', to '''''tsi # #tsi''''')
			'''Postpositional Affixes:'''
			* ''-'''''naj''''', ''for (the/a) #
			Order of noun affixes go: '''Preposition + ''Root'' + Plural + Postposition (Suffix)'''

	== Verbs ==		== Verbs ==

			=== Verb Inflections ===
			* ''-'''re''', ''Past Tense
			* ''-'''(s)ejn''', ''Future Tense
			* ''-'''te''', ''Continuous Tense, (reduced to -'''t''' after the past tense marker)
			* '''''holje''' #'', Perfect Tense, (i.e had #, have #, etc.)
			* '''#lajm''', Interrogative tense, (Question markers at the end of words, optional to reduce spoken confusion)
			* ''-'''jen''''', Habitual Tense, (Informal, dialectal)
			Order of verb suffixes go: '''Past/Fut. + Cont./Hab. + Int.'''

			== Adjectives ==

			=== Other Modifications Edit ===
			* ''-'''isej''' / -'''isam''''', Adverb modifier for Adjectives
			* ''-'''ij''' / -'''esk''''', Common suffixes for Adjectives

imported>JerryDZH at 09:32, 4 December 2020

2020-12-04T09:32:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:32, 4 December 2020
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	Below will be a general overview of Dalkaisk guidelines for syntax, grammar rules, verb conjugation, prepositions/postpositions, common prefixes/suffixes, and other related grammar rules to form complex sentences in Dalkaisk.		Below will be a general overview of Dalkaisk guidelines for syntax, grammar rules, verb conjugation, prepositions/postpositions, common prefixes/suffixes, and other related grammar rules to form complex sentences in Dalkaisk.

			== Overview ==
			* Dalkaisk uses Subject-'''Verb'''-''Object'' (SVO) sentence structure like English. This means that a basic sentence would be structured like "He '''sees''' ''her.''"
			* Alternatively, ''Object''-Subject-'''Verb''' (OSV) can also be used for stylistic or emphatic purposes, such as "''Land'', he '''saw'''."
			* There are no definite or indefinite articles in Dalkaisk (i.e. the/a/an). If specificity or generality is needed in a sentence (AKA if 'the' or 'a' is needed,), the Dalkaisk words for 'that' (''kjem'') and 'one' (''an'') are used.

			== Pronouns ==

			=== Personal (I, he, they) ===
			{\| class="article-table"
			!
			!Singular
			!Plural
			\|-
			!1st Person
			\|vaj
			\|vanaj/vajsk*
			\|-
			!2nd Person
			\|tej
			\|tajsk
			\|-
			!3rd Person
			\|ren
			\|renaj
			\|}
			<nowiki>*</nowiki>''Vanaj'' includes the speaker and the listener (inclusive we), while ''Vajsk'' only includes the speaker (exclusive we).

			==== Possessive (My, his, their) ====
			{\| class="article-table"
			!
			!Singular
			!Plural
			\|-
			!1st Person
			\|vjin
			\|vanaje/vasin*
			\|-
			!2nd Person
			\|tujen
			\|tasejn
			\|-
			!3rd Person
			\|ranen
			\|renaje
			\|}
			<nowiki>*</nowiki>''Vanaje'' includes the speaker and the listener (inclusive our), while ''Vasin'' only includes the speaker (exclusive our).

			=== Demonstrative (this, that) ===
			{\| class="article-table"
			!
			!Singular
			!Plural
			!Singular (EN)
			!Plural (EN)
			\|-
			!Proximal
			\|kev
			\|kevan
			\|this
			\|these
			\|-
			!Medial*
			\|kjemtaj**
			\|kjantaj**
			\|that by you
			\|those by you
			\|-
			!Distal
			\|kjem
			\|kjeman
			\|that
			\|those
			\|}
			<nowiki>*</nowiki>Medial describes objects near the second person, in contrast to the dual nature of English's 'this' and 'that.'

			<nowiki>**</nowiki>Originally dialectal, but increasingly growing in usage.

			== Verbs ==

imported>JerryDZH: Created page with "Below will be a general overview of Dalkaisk guidelines for syntax, grammar rules, verb conjugation, prepositions/postpositions, common prefixes/suffixes, and other related gr..."

2020-12-04T08:18:32Z

Created page with "Below will be a general overview of Dalkaisk guidelines for syntax, grammar rules, verb conjugation, prepositions/postpositions, common prefixes/suffixes, and other related gr..."

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Below will be a general overview of Dalkaisk guidelines for syntax, grammar rules, verb conjugation, prepositions/postpositions, common prefixes/suffixes, and other related grammar rules to form complex sentences in Dalkaisk.